Telecommunication system with packet-switched-multimedia-session-to-circuit-switched-call transferral

ABSTRACT

Telecommunication systems with packet-switched multimedia terminals ( 1 ) and nodes ( 8,9 ) for packet-switched multimedia sessions and with servers ( 2,3 ) for exchanging multimedia signaling information for the packet-switched multimedia sessions and with terminating units ( 4 ) are provided with gateways ( 7 ) for in response to transferral messages originating from the packet-switched multimedia terminals ( 1 ) and arriving at the servers ( 2,3 ) transferring packet-switched multimedia sessions between packet-switched multimedia terminals ( 1 ) and nodes ( 8,9 ) to circuit-switched calls between gateways ( 7 ) and circuit-switched terminals ( 5 ) via switches ( 6 ), to continue possibly interrupted sessions via replacing calls. The servers ( 2,3 ) send invitation messages to gateways ( 7 ), which send setup messages to switches ( 6 ) for setting up circuit-switched calls via partly alternative communication paths. The servers ( 2,3 ) send information messages to terminating units ( 4 ) for bringing the terminating units ( 4 ) from session level to call level. Transferral messages are session Initiation Protocol REFER messages comprising predefined Uniform Resource Locators to be converted into call numbers defining circuit-switched terminals ( 5 ). Preferably, a packet-switched multimedia terminal ( 1 ) and a circuit-switched terminal ( 5 ) are one and the same terminal ( 99 ).

The invention relates to a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

Such a telecommunication system is for example a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) or 3G System (see UMTS Release 5 specificatie 23.228 standardised by 3GPP), with said packet-switched multimedia terminal for example being a packet-switched UMTS multimedia terminal etc., with said node for example being a 3G Serving General Packet Radio Service Support Node or 3G Serving GPRS Support Node or 3G SGSN and/or being a 3G Gateway General Packet Radio Service Support Node or 3G Gateway GPRS Support Node or 3G GGSN etc., with said server for example being an application server in combination with for example a Proxy Call State Control Function or P-CSCF and/or a Serving Call State Control Function or S-CSCF etc., and with said terminating unit for example being a packet-switched UMTS multimedia terminal or a personal multimedia computer etc.

In this telecommunication system, said packet-switched multimedia terminal is involved in a multimedia session for example comprising the exchange of audio and video with said terminating unit. This session goes on either until one of said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said terminating unit finishes the session, or until the packet-switched multimedia terminal experiences a continuation problem like for example getting out of reach of the 3G node without finding an other 3G node or a battery in the packet-switched multimedia terminal running low or extreme interference disturbing said session too much or running out of 3G credit etc.

The known telecommunication system is disadvantageous, inter alia, due to, in case of experiencing one or more continuation problems, interrupting the session. This is not user-friendly.

It is an object of the invention, inter alia, of providing a telecommunication system as defined in the preamble which is more user-friendly.

The telecommunication system according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch.

In response to a detection of a continuation problem—and then either automatically or in response to a user action—and/or in response to a UMTS network instruction, said transferral message is transmitted from said packet-switched multimedia terminal to said server and said (part of) at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node is transferred to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and the circuit-switched terminal via said switch. Said gateway is further coupled to said terminating unit via said second node. As a result, said packet-switched multimedia session between said terminating unit and said packet-switched multimedia terminal is at least partly transferred to said circuit-switched call between said terminating unit and said circuit-switched terminal, and the continuation problem is solved. The user of said packet-switched multimedia terminal just needs to pick up said circuit-switched call at said circuit-switched terminal, which is for example a GSM terminal or a PSTN/ISDN terminal or a personal computer etc.

The invention is based upon an insight, inter alia, that said continuation problems are non-abrupt processes, and is based upon a basic idea, inter alia, that before these processes have gone to an end, it is possible to send a message for creating an at least partly alternative communication path.

The invention solves the problem, inter alia, of providing a more user-friendly telecommunication system, and is advantageous, inter alia, in that an at least partly alternative communication path is offered to said user.

A first embodiment of the telecommunication system according to the invention as defined in claim 2 is advantageous in that said server comprises a receiver for receiving said transferral message and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting an invitation message to said gateway.

In response to said receiving of said transferral message, said invitation message is transmitted from the server to the gateway, for activating the partly alternative communication path.

A second embodiment of the telecommunication system according to the invention as defined in claim 3 is advantageous in that said gateway comprises a receiver for receiving said invitation message and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting a setup message to said switch for setting up said circuit-switched call.

In response to said receiving of said invitation message, said setup message is transmitted from the gateway to the switch for setting up the circuit-switched call corresponding via said at least partly alternative communication path.

A third embodiment of the telecommunication system according to the invention as defined in claim 4 is advantageous in that said server comprises said transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting an information message to said terminating unit, which comprises a receiver for receiving said information message for bringing said terminating unit from session level to call level.

In response to said receiving of said information message, said terminating unit is informed of the change from old communication path (between the packet-switched multimedia terminal and the node) to new communication path (between the circuit-switched terminal and the gateway via the switch) with said terminating unit being coupled to said gateway via said second node, and said terminating unit may for example generate information via its man-machine-interface about this change. Further, said terminating unit when having operated at multimedia session level (for example comprising the exchange of audio and video) brings itself to call level (for example comprising the exchange of just audio), due to said circuit-switched terminal not being able to operate at multimedia session level.

A fourth embodiment of the telecommunication system according to the invention as defined in claim 5 is advantageous in that said transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said server comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.

Said Session Initiation Protocol REFER message is defined in drafts like the SIP RFC and the SIP REFER draft as standardised by IETF. Said predefined Uniform Resource Locator or URL firstly defines the service offered to said user and secondly solves the problem of packet-switched multimedia terminals usually not knowing their own call number like for example the Mobile Subscriber Integrated Service Digital Network number or MSISDN number.

A fifth embodiment of the telecommunication system according to the invention as defined in claim 6 is advantageous in that said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said circuit-switched terminal form part of one terminal.

By creating one terminal having a packet-switched multimedia mode and a circuit-switched mode, said user does not have to go far for said partly alternative communication path. For example when getting out of reach in the packet-switched multimedia mode, the circuit-switched mode will be a good alternative, although offering less possibilities (like offering just audio instead of offering audio as well as video), compared to offering no services at all.

Preferably, said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprises

-   -   a first detector for detecting arising obstacles—such as a UMTS         network instruction to leave the UMTS packet-switched multimedia         network and to switch to a neighbouring 2G or 2,5G network—which         indicate upcoming problems to continue the packet-switched         multimedia connection, and     -   a processor for generating, based upon said first detection, a         transferral message with a predefined URL that identifies how         the user can be reached in said 2G or 2,5G network to which said         UMTS network instruction referred to.

Preferably, said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprises a second detector for detecting the circuit-switched call originating from the same terminating unit as the one involved in the packet-switched multimedia session or for detecting the same terminating unit being involved in the circuit-switched call as the one involved in the packet-switched multimedia session and comprises a switch for automatically switching the packet-switched multimedia terminal from packet-switched-multimedia-session-mode to circuit-switched-call-mode. The advantage of said (automatic) switch is that the communication is smoothlessly transferred from packet-switched-multimedia-session-mode to circuit-switched-call-mode without requiring any user interaction to accomplish this service continuity.

The invention further relates to a server for use in a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to said server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a further server.

The server according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said server and to a switch, with said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and with said server comprising a receiver for receiving said transferral message and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting an invitation message to said gateway.

Embodiments of the server according to the invention correspond with the embodiments of the telecommunication system according to the invention.

The invention yet further relates to a packet-switched multimedia terminal for use in a telecommunication system comprising said packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

The packet-switched multimedia terminal according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch.

Embodiments of the packet-switched multimedia terminal according to the invention correspond with the embodiments of the telecommunication system according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a gateway for use in a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

The gateway according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises said gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said at least one packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and with said gateway comprising a receiver for receiving said invitation message and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting a setup message to said switch for setting up said circuit-switched call.

Embodiments of the gateway according to the invention correspond with the embodiments of the telecommunication system according to the invention.

The invention yet also relates to a terminating unit for use in a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising said terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

The terminating unit according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and with said first server comprising a receiver for receiving said transferral message and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting an information message to said terminating unit, which comprises a receiver for receiving said information message for bringing said terminating unit from session level to call level.

The invention further also relates to a method for use in a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

The method according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said method comprising the step of transmitting a transferral message from said packet-switched multimedia terminal to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch.

Embodiments of the method according to the invention correspond with the embodiments of the telecommunication system according to the invention.

The invention yet further also relates to a service for offering a user a transferral of at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between a packet-switched multimedia terminal and a first node to a circuit-switched call between a gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via a switch for use in a telecommunication system comprising said packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to said first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server.

The service according to the invention is characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprising a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and said circuit-switched terminal via said switch, with said transferral message being a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator defining said service, with said first server comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.

Embodiments of the service according to the invention correspond with the embodiments of the telecommunication system according to the invention. The service for example corresponds with a method of doing business.

The fact that a part X and a part Y are coupled to each other does not exclude that there exists a part Z located between both parts X and Y, and does not say anything about the coupling itself: this coupling can be (partly) a wireless and/or (partly) a wired coupling, can be (partly) packet-switched and/or (partly) circuit-switched, can be always-on or be required to be set up and to be finished etc.

These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments(s) described hereinafter.

FIG. 1 illustrates in block diagram form a telecommunication system according to the invention comprising a server according to the invention and a packet-switched multimedia terminal according to the invention and a gateway according to the invention and a terminating unit according to the invention, and

FIG. 2 illustrates in arrow diagram form a method according to the invention.

The telecommunication system according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 according to the invention and a server 2,3 according to the invention and a gateway 7 according to the invention and a terminating unit 4 according to the invention. Packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 comprises a processor 10 coupled to an output of a receiver 11 and to an input of a transmitter 13 and comprises an interface 12 coupled to an input of receiver 11 and an output of transmitter 13 and coupled to coupling 15.

Server 2 (3) comprises a processor 20 (30) coupled to a switch 24 (34) which is further coupled to a receiver 21 (31), a converter 22 (32), a transmitter 23 (33) and to couplings 25 (35), 26 (-) and 27 (27).

Gateway 7 comprises a processor 70 coupled to a switch 74 which is further coupled to a receiver 71, a generator 72, a transmitter 73 and to couplings 26 and 65 and 75.

Terminating unit 4 comprises a processor 40 coupled to an output of a receiver 41 and to an input of a transmitter 43 and comprises an interface 42 coupled to an input of receiver 41 and an output of transmitter 43 and coupled to coupling 45.

A node 8 is coupled to couplings 15, 25 and 85, a node 9 is coupled to couplings 35, 45, 75 and 85, terminating unit 4 is coupled to coupling 45, a switch 6 is coupled to couplings 55 and 65, and a circuit-switched terminal 5 is coupled to coupling 55.

The telecommunication system shown in FIG. 1 is for example a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) or 3G System (see UMTS Release 5 specificatie 23.228 standardised by 3GPP), with packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 for example being a packet-switched UMTS multimedia terminal (in which case coupling 15 is a packet-switched multimedia mobile connection) etc., with nodes 8 and 9 for example being 3G Serving General Packet Radio Service Support Nodes or 3G Serving GPRS Support Nodes or 3G SGSNs and/or being 3G Gateway General Packet Radio Service Support Nodes or 3G Gateway GPRS Support Nodes or 3G GGSNs etc., with servers 2 and 3 respectively serving packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and terminating unit 4 respectively and for example being application servers in combination with for example Proxy Call State Control Functions or P-CSCFs and/or Serving Call State Control Functions or S-CSCFs (and therewith comprising SIP) etc., and with terminating unit 4 for example being a UMTS terminal or 3G terminal (in which case coupling 45 is a packet-switched multimedia mobile connection) or a personal multimedia computer (in which case coupling 45 is PSTN/ISDN connection) etc., and functions as follows.

A user operating packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 is involved in a (UMTS or 3G) multimedia session for example comprising the exchange of audio and video with terminating unit 4. During this multimedia session, it becomes clear that there will be a continuation problem like for example getting out of reach of the 3G node 8 without finding an other 3G node or a battery in the packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 running low or extreme interference disturbing said session too much or running out of 3G credit etc.

In response to a detection of a continuation problem—either automatically or in response to a user action—and/or in response to a UMTS network instruction, a transferral message is transmitted from transmitter 13 in packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 via coupling 15 and node 8 and coupling 25 and switch 24 to receiver 21 in server 2. Said transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator. Said predefined Uniform Resource Locator or URL firstly defines the service offered to said user and secondly solves the problem of packet-switched multimedia terminals usually not knowing their own call number like for example the Mobile Subscriber Integrated Service Digital Network number or MSISDN number. Processor 20 is informed of this arrival, and instructs converter 22 to convert said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining circuit-switched terminal 5, and instructs transmitter 23 to transmit an invitation message via switch 24 and coupling 26 to gateway 7. Gateway 7 comprises or is combined with a Media Gateway or MG and/or a Media Gateway Control Function or MGCF and/or a Breakout Gateway Control Function or BGCF. In gateway 7, this invitation message arrives via switch 74 at receiver 71, and processor 70 is informed, which instructs generator 72 to generate a setup message and instructs transmitter 73 to transmit this setup message via switch 74 and coupling 65 to switch 6, which switch 6 in response to this setup message sets up a circuit-switched call to said circuit-switched terminal 5.

As a result, said packet-switched multimedia session is at least partly transferred to said circuit-switched call, and the continuation problem is solved. The user of said packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 just needs to pick up said circuit-switched call at said circuit-switched terminal 5, which is for example a GSM terminal (in which case coupling 55 is a circuit-switched mobile connection or GSM connection and switch 6 is a Mobile Switching Center or MSC) or a PSTN/ISDN terminal (in which case coupling 55 is a PSTN/ISDN connection) or a personal computer (in which case coupling 55 is a PSTN/ISDN connection) etc.

Transmitter 23 further gets instructions from processor 20 to transmit an information message via switch 24 and coupling 27 and switch 34 and coupling 35 and node 9 to terminating unit 4, which comprises a receiver 41 for receiving said information message for bringing said terminating unit 4 from multimedia session level to call level. By receiving said information message, terminating unit 4 is informed of the change from old communication path (between packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and node 9) to new communication path (between circuit-switched terminal 5 and gateway 7 via switch 6). Terminating unit 4 does not get to know the complete route, terminating unit 4 is informed about the transferral and receives a new SDP (Session Description Protocol) comprising the new session/media description and the IP address of the Media Gateway or MG to which future data is to be sent. Terminating unit 4 is coupled to gateway 7 via said node 9, and terminating unit 4 may for example generate information via its man-machine-interface about this change. Terminating unit 4 brings itself, when having operated at multimedia session level (for example comprising the exchange of audio and video), to call level (for example comprising the exchange of just audio), by for example not cutting off and/or not deleting audio related signals and cutting off and/or deleting video related signals, due to circuit-switched terminal 5 not being able to handle video related signals (not being able to operate at multimedia session level) but just being able to handle audio related signals (just being able to operate at call level).

Packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and circuit-switched terminal 5 may form part of one terminal 99, then this one terminal 99 will have a packet-switched multimedia mode and a circuit-switched mode, and said user does not have to go far for using the partly alternative communication path. For example when getting out of reach in the packet-switched multimedia mode, the circuit-switched mode will be a good alternative, although offering less possibilities (like offering just audio instead of offering audio as well as video), compared to offering nothing at all.

Preferably, said packet-switched multimedia terminal comprises

-   -   a first detector for detecting arising obstacles—such as a UMTS         network instruction to leave the UMTS packet-switched multimedia         network and to switch to a neighbouring 2G or 2,5G network—which         indicate upcoming problems to continue the packet-switched         multimedia connection, and     -   a processor for generating, based upon said first detection, a         transferral message with a predefined URL that identifies how         the user can be reached in said 2G or 2,5G network to which said         UMTS network instruction referred to.

Preferably, said packet-switched multimedia terminal 1,99 comprises a second detector for detecting the circuit-switched call originating from the same terminating unit 4 as the one involved in the packet-switched multimedia session or for detecting the same terminating unit 4 being involved in the circuit-switched call as the one involved in the packet-switched multimedia session and comprises a switch for automatically switching the packet-switched multimedia terminal 1,99 from packet-switched-multimedia-session-mode to circuit-switched-call-mode. The advantage of said (automatic) switch is that the communication is smoothlessly transferred from packet-switched-multimedia-session-mode to circuit-switched-call-mode without requiring any user interaction to accomplish this service continuity.

Possibly, said packet-switched multimedia terminal 1,99 comprises a third detector for detecting the getting out of reach of the 3G node 8 without finding an other 3G node or the battery in the packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 running low or the extreme interference disturbing said session too much etc., and/or said server 2,3 and/or said node 8,9 comprise a fourth detector for detecting the getting out of reach of the 3G node 8 without finding an other 3G node or the battery in the packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 running low or the extreme interference disturbing said session too much or the running out of 3G credit etc., in response to which detection said server 2,3 and/or said node 8,9 (comprising a UMTS network instruction generator) will generate said UMTS network instruction to be sent to packet-switched multimedia terminal 1,99 preferably comprising said first detector etc.

The invention is based upon an insight, inter alia, that said continuation problems are non-abrupt processes, and is based upon a basic idea, inter alia, that before these processes have gone to an end, it is possible to send a message for creating an at least partly alternative communication path.

The invention is further more detailledly based upon an insight, inter alia, that when a terminal is experiencing problems to continue its ongoing packet-switched multimedia session, a server in the network is more suited than the packet-switched terminal itself to coordinate the transferral of the packet-switched multimedia session. The coordinating role of the server consists in first trying to setup the alternative communication path to the circuit-switched terminal, informing the terminating unit of the new characteristics—such as the SDP containing the new media/session description and the IP address of the Media Gateway to which terminating unit is requested to send future data—of the new transferred session, and finally releasing—after the packet-switched terminal has been switched from packet-switched multimedia to circuit-switched communication—all resources which where required for the multimedia communication between the packet-switched terminal and the network.

The invention solves the problem, inter alia, of providing a more user-friendly telecommunication system, and is advantageous, inter alia, in that an at least partly alternative communication path is offered to said user.

The telecommunication system shown in FIG. 1 is just an example. Many other embodiments will be possible without departing from the scope of the invention. For example each server 2,3 now comprising or being combined with for example Proxy Call State Control Functions or P-CSCFs and/or Serving Call State Control Functions or S-CSCFs etc. could be completely separated from these functions. For example each server being coupled to its own node 8,9 could be changed into being coupled to each node and/or into being coupled to switches which are further coupled to said nodes. For example gateway 7 being coupled to its own node 8 could be changed into being coupled to each node and/or into being coupled to one or more switches which are further coupled to one or more nodes. For example switches 24,34,74 could be relocated from server 2,3 and gateway 7 to nodes 8,9 and/or to switches located between said servers 2,3 and gateway 7 on the one hand and said nodes 8,9 on the other hand.

Generally, signalling info will be exchanged between packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and server 2, server 2 and server 3, and server 3 and terminating unit 4 at session level, in which case the packet-switched data will be exchanged between packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and terminating unit 4 via nodes 8 and 9. For said transferring, signalling info will be exchanged between packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and server 2, between server 2 and gateway 7 and switch 6 and circuit-switched terminal 5, and between server 2 and terminating unit 4 via server 3. After said transferring, circuit-switched data will be exchanged between circuit-switched terminal 5 and gateway 7 via switch 6, and either packet-switched data or circuit-switched data will be exchanged between terminating unit 4 and gateway 7 via node 9, with said packet-switched data however just comprising data used for said call and no longer comprising all data used for said multimedia session.

In FIG. 2, A-H and K-N have the following meaning: A=packet-switched multimedia terminal 1, B=P-CSCF 2, C=S-CSCF 2, D=server 2, E=S-CSCF 2, F=S-CSCF 3, G=P-CSCF 3, H=terminating unit 4, K=circuit-switched terminal 5, L=switch 6, M=MGCF 7, and N=BGCF 7. The arrows 100-142 have the following meaning:

-   100: Packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 sends a SIP REFER message     to a predefined URL via P-CSCF2. Refer-To field is set to the     predefined. -   101: P-CSCF2 forwards the message to S-CSCF2. -   102: S-CSCF2 performs service control. If packet-switched multimedia     terminal 1 is not subscribed to the Refer service associated with     the predefined URL, the request is rejected. Otherwise S-CSCF2     forwards the updated message to server 2 (application server that     delivers the service associated with the predefined URL). -   104: Server 2 makes sure—possibly by inserting a Media Resource     Function MRF—a “service continuity/handover” announcement is played     to terminating unit 4. -   107: SIP 202 ACCEPT. Server 2 agrees to do the Refer as requested by     packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 and confirms this with a SIP     202 Accept message to packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 in IMS     (IP Multimedia Subsystem). This 202 accept message is sent through     S-CSCF2, P-CSCF2 to packet-switched multimedia terminal 1. As soon     as possible packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 releases User     Plane PDP (GPRS Packet Data Protocol) contexts associated with the     old IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) session. -   108: SIP 202 ACCEPT, see 107. -   109: SIP 202 ACCEPT, see 107. -   110: Server 2 translates the predefined URL into the MSISDN of the     circuit-switched terminal 5. The use of a pre-defined URL avoids the     packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 having to know its MSISDN and     then eases the procedure as the object of the REFER sent by the     packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 can be hard-coded in its SW.     Furthermore if packet-switched multimedia terminal 1 changes of     MSISDN, the new call towards circuit-switched terminal 5 does not     need to go through Number portability procedures as the correct     MSISDN is provided automatically by server 2. After determination     that the break out to the circuit-switched domain is to happen,     server 2 sends INVITE message to BGCF. -   111: BGCF selects appropriate MGCF and forwards INVITE message to     it. -   112: MGCF sets up a call using the MSISDN number of packet-switched     multimedia terminal 1. -   113: Switch 6 calls circuit-switched terminal 4 using standard GSM     procedures. -   114: Circuit-switched terminal 4 answers the call using standard GSM     procedures. -   115: Switch 6 confirms that communication with circuit-switched     terminal 5 in GSM domains has been successfully established. -   116: MGCF forwards this confirmation using SIP 200 OK final response     to BGCF. In attachment to the SIP 200 OK MGCF adds an SDP (Session     Description Protocol) containing the IP address of the gateway 7. -   117: BGCF forwards 200 OK final response to server 2. -   118: Server 2 sends SIP re-invite message to terminating unit 4 with     in attachment an SDP (Session Description Protocol) containing the     IP address of the gateway 7 extracted from 200 OK confirmation.     Terminating unit 4 should send all data to the IP address of this     gateway 7 to reach circuit-switched terminal 5. Server 2 stops     service continuity/handover announcement playing. The message passes     through S-CSCF2, S-CSCF3, P-CSCF3 up to terminating unit 4. -   119: SIP re-invite: See 118. -   120: SIP re-invite: See 118. -   121: SIP re-invite: See 118. -   122: SIP ACK. -   123: SIP ACK. -   124: ISUP ANS. -   125: Ready -   126: SIP 200 OK. Terminating unit 4 confirms the new destination     address and starts sending data. -   127: SIP 200 OK. See 126. -   128: SIP 200 OK. See 126. -   129: SIP 200 OK. See 126. -   130: SIP ACK. -   131: SIP ACK. -   132: SIP ACK. -   133: SIP ACK. -   134: SIP BYE. Server 2 clears the original session sending SIP BYE     message. This message is sent through S-CSCF2, P-CSCF2 up to     packet-switched multimedia terminal 1. -   135: SIP BYE. See 134. -   136: SIP BYE. See 134. -   137: SIP 200 OK. If BYE was received (if packet-switched multimedia     terminal 1 is still under IMS/UMTS coverage), packet-switched     multimedia terminal 1 may acknowledge the BYE by sending 200 OK to     server 2 and server 2 will acknowledge the 200 OK with an ACK     message. These messages are sent through P-CSCF2 and S-CSCF2. -   138: SIP 200 OK. See 137. -   139: SIP 200 OK. See 137. -   140: SIP ACK. See 137. -   141: SIP ACK. See 137. -   142: SIP ACK. See 137.     Each arrow 100-142 could be regarded to be a substep of the method     according to the invention and/or a subpart of the service according     to the invention. Further substeps and/or subparts are not to be     excluded, like for example substeps/subparts 103, 105 and 106 (to be     defined in the future and possibly defining the tearing down of the     non-audio components before setting up the alternative communication     path alternatively to substeps/subparts 118-121 possibly defining     the tearing down of the non-audio components after setting up the     alternative communication path. Said method is characterised in that     said method comprises the step of transmitting a transferral message     from said packet-switched multimedia terminal (1) to said first     server (2) for transferring at least a part of at least one     packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched     multimedia terminal (1) and said first node (8) to a     circuit-switched call between said gateway (7) and a     circuit-switched terminal (5) via said switch (6). Said service is     characterised in that said transferral message being a Session     Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform     Resource Locator defining said service.     Generally, telecommunication systems with packet-switched multimedia     terminals (1), nodes (8,9) for packet-switched multimedia sessions     and servers (2,3) for exchanging signalling information for said     packet-switched multimedia sessions and terminating units (4) are     advantageously provided with gateways (7) for in response to     transferral messages transferring packet-switched multimedia     sessions between packet-switched multimedia terminals (1) and nodes     (8,9) to circuit-switched calls between gateways (7) and     circuit-switched terminals (5) via switches (6), to continue     possibly interrupted sessions via so-called “replacing calls”. Said     servers (2,3) send invitation messages to gateways (7), which send     setup messages to switches (6) for setting up circuit-switched calls     via partly alternative communication paths (couplings 65 and 55     instead of couplings 15 and 85). Said servers (2,3) send information     messages to terminating units (4) for bringing said terminating     units (4) from session level to call level. Transferral messages are     session Initiation Protocol REFER messages comprising predefined     Uniform Resource Locators to be converted into call numbers defining     circuit-switched terminals (5). 

1. A telecommunication system comprising: a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server; a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch; wherein the packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server, wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch; and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.
 2. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the first server further comprises a receiver for receiving said transferral message and a transmitter for transmitting an invitation message to said gateway in response to said receiving.
 3. The telecommunication system according to claim 2, wherein the gateway further comprises a receiver for receiving said invitation message and a transmitter for transmitting a setup message to said switch in response to said receiving for setting up said circuit-switched call.
 4. The telecommunication system according to claim 2, wherein the server further comprises said transmitter for transmitting an information message to said terminating unit in response to said receiving, which further comprises a receiver for receiving said information message for bringing said terminating unit from session level to call level.
 5. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the packet-switched multimedia terminal and said circuit-switched terminal form part of one terminal.
 6. A server for use in a telecommunication system, the telecommunication system comprising: a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to said server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a further server; a gateway coupled to said first node and to said server and to a switch; wherein said packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said server, and wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal; and wherein the server further comprises: a receiver for receiving said transferral message; and a transmitter for in response to said receiving transmitting an invitation message to said gateway.
 7. A packet-switched multimedia terminal for use in a telecommunication system, the telecommunication system comprising: said packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server; a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch; wherein said packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server; wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch; and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.
 8. A gateway for use in a telecommunication system, the telecommunication system comprising: a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server, wherein the gateway is coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch; and wherein the at least one packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server, wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal; and wherein the gateway further comprises: a receiver for receiving said invitation message; and a transmitter for, in response to said receiving, transmitting a setup message to said switch for setting up said circuit-switched call.
 9. A terminating unit for use in a telecommunication system, the telecommunication system comprising: a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a second node and a second server coupled to said terminating unit; a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, wherein the packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server, and wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal; and wherein the first server further comprises: a receiver for receiving said transferral message; and a transmitter for transmitting an information message to said terminating unit in response to said receiving, the terminating unit further comprising a receiver for receiving said information message for bringing said terminating unit from session level to call level.
 10. A method for using a telecommunication system comprising a packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to a first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging multimedia signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions and comprising a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server, characterised in that said telecommunication system comprises a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, with said method comprising the step of: transmitting a transferral message from said packet-switched multimedia terminal to said first server, wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via said switch, and wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.
 11. A service for offering a user a transferral of at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between a packet-switched multimedia terminal and a first node to a circuit-switched call between a gateway and a circuit-switched terminal via a switch for use in a telecommunication system, the telecommunication system comprising: said packet-switched multimedia terminal coupled to said first node for packet-switched multimedia sessions and to a first server for exchanging signalling information for said packet-switched multimedia sessions; a terminating unit coupled to a second node and to a second server; a gateway coupled to said first node and to said first server and to a switch, wherein the packet-switched multimedia terminal further comprises a transmitter for transmitting a transferral message to said first server, wherein the transferral message initiates a process for transferring at least a part of at least one packet-switched multimedia session between said packet-switched multimedia terminal and said first node to a circuit-switched call between said gateway and said circuit-switched terminal via said switch; wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator defining said service; and wherein the first server further comprises a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal.
 12. A telecommunication system comprising: a packet-switched multimedia terminal for packet-switched multimedia sessions; a circuit-switched terminal for circuit-switched calls, wherein when a continuation problem is detected during a packet-switched multimedia session, at least part of the packet-switched multimedia session is transferred to a circuit-switched call; and wherein upon detection of the continuation problem, a transferral message is initialized in order to initiate the transfer of the at least part of the packet-switched multimedia session to the circuit-switched call, wherein the transferral message is a Session Initiation Protocol REFER message comprising a predefined Uniform Resource Locator, with said first server further comprising a converter for converting said predefined Uniform Resource Locator into a call number defining said circuit-switched terminal. 